Table 2Summary of findings table of effects of monoclonal antibodies in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Outcomes Anticipated absolute effects* (95% CI) Relative effect
(95% CI)		 № of participants
(studies)		 Certainty of the evidence
(GRADE)
Risk with standard of care, active therapy or placebo Risk with Monoclonal antibodies
All-cause mortality follow-up: range 14 days to 90 days 26 per 100 25 per 100
(21 to 29)		 RR 0.94
(0.80 to 1.11)		 7800
(18 RCTs)		 ⨁⨁◯◯
Lowa
COVID-19 related death
follow-up: range 28 days to 45 days		 8 per 100 5 per 100
(2 to 14)		 RR 0.65
(0.25 to 1.72)		 524
(3 RCTs)		 ⨁⨁◯◯
Lowb,c
Invasive mechanical ventilation
follow-up: range 14 days to 45 days		 19 per 100 14 per 100
(11 to 17)		 RR 0.74
(0.60 to 0.92)		 5807
(14 RCTs)		 ⨁⨁◯◯
Lowd
Length of hospital stay
assessed with: days
follow-up: range 14 days to 45 days		 The mean length of hospital stay was 18.1 days MD 1.86 days lower
(6.1 lower to 2.38 higher)		 - 1098
(6 RCTs)		 ⨁◯◯◯
Very lowe,f,g
Any adverse events
follow-up: range 14 days to 90 days		 22 per 100 29 per 100
(23 to 37)		 RR 1.31
(1.02 to 1.67)		 6628
(13 RCTs)		 ⨁◯◯◯
Very lowh,i
Serious adverse events
follow-up: range 14 days to 45 days		 6 per 100 6 per 100
(5 to 7)		 RR 0.93
(0.80 to 1.08)		 7831
(17 RCTs)		 ⨁⨁◯◯
Lowd
Bacteremia
follow-up: range 14 days to 90 days		 5 per 100 4 per 100
(3 to 5)		 RR 0.77
(0.64 to 0.92)		 7789
(14 RCTs)		 ⨁⨁◯◯
Lowj
Explanations
a . RoB: Three RCTs were at high risk of bias, and eight RCTs had some concerns of bias.
b . RoB: Vlaar et al. RCT was at high risk of bias in the selection of the reported results.
c . Imprecision: 95%CI of RR 0.25 to 1.72
d . RoB: Three RCTs were at high risk of bias, and seven RCTs had some concerns of bias.
e . RoB: Two RCTs (Salama et al, Rosas et al) had some concerns of bias, and one RCT (Veiga et al.) was at high risk of bias.
f . Inconsistency: I2 was 79%
g . Imprecision: 95%CI of MD from -6.1 to 2.4 days
h . RoB: Two RCTs (Zhang et al, and Veiga et al.) were at high of bias, and six RCTs had some concerns of bias.
i . Inconsistency: I2 was 77%
j . RoB: Two RCTs (Veiga et al., and Vlaar et al.) were at high risk of bias, and eight RCTs had some concerns of bias.